Understanding Celiac Disease and Gluten Sensitivity

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What is Celiac Disease?

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder that affects the small intestine. It is triggered by the consumption of gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. When individuals with celiac disease ingest gluten, their immune system responds by damaging the lining of the small intestine, which can lead to various gastrointestinal symptoms and interfere with nutrient absorption.

What are the symptoms of Celiac Disease?

The symptoms of celiac disease can vary widely among individuals. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, weight loss, fatigue, and irritability. Some individuals may also experience symptoms outside of the gastrointestinal tract, such as joint pain, skin rashes, and anemia.

How is Celiac Disease diagnosed?

To diagnose celiac disease, a healthcare professional may perform a blood test to measure the levels of certain antibodies associated with the condition. If the blood test indicates a potential issue, a biopsy of the small intestine may be conducted to confirm the diagnosis. It is important to continue consuming gluten before these tests to ensure accurate results.

What is Gluten Sensitivity?

Gluten sensitivity, also known as non-celiac gluten sensitivity, is a condition in which individuals experience symptoms similar to those of celiac disease when consuming gluten. However, unlike celiac disease, gluten sensitivity does not cause the same immune response or damage to the small intestine. The exact cause of gluten sensitivity is still not fully understood.

What are the symptoms of Gluten Sensitivity?

The symptoms of gluten sensitivity can range from mild to severe and may include abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, headaches, fatigue, and brain fog. These symptoms typically occur after the ingestion of gluten-containing foods and improve when following a gluten-free diet.

How is Gluten Sensitivity diagnosed?

Diagnosing gluten sensitivity can be challenging as there are no specific tests available. It is typically diagnosed based on the presence of symptoms that improve on a gluten-free diet and the absence of celiac disease or wheat allergy. It may require working closely with a healthcare professional to rule out other potential causes of the symptoms.

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